MACHADO NETO, Lauro de Vilhena Brandão, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, July, 2006. Characterization of photovoltaic generators and development of a maximum power point tracking for stand-alone systems applied to rural electrification. Adviser: Delly Oliveira Filho. Co- Advisers: Antônia Sônia Alves Cardoso Diniz and José Helvecio Martins.
The maximization of efficiency in energy conversion systems is crucial for the development of technical and economical viability of photovoltaic systems. This work presents the characterization of photovoltaic generators and the development of an electronic converter with Maximum Power Point Tracking - MPPT for stand-alone systems applied to rural electrification. The stand-alone photovoltaic system used is similar to the systems installed by Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais - CEMIG in residences of isolated communities, inside the programs Luz Solar and Luz Para Todos. Initially, models and test procedures for photovoltaic generators were developed, attending the minimum performance requirements in compliance with national and international standards. The models parameters were estimated from the data collection. The test procedure’s validation and the parameters estimation were implemented using a comparative study with test results done in the National Renewable Laboratory – NREL from United States of America. The maximum error was less than 6.0%. The converter with Maximum Power Point Tracking - MPPT consists of a direct current converter in buck configuration and the control algorithm was implemented in a microcontroller. A system simulation was implemented and the aims were to optimize the project and carry out a comparative study with the monitoring results. The results of the MPPT prototype presented efficiency around 80 to 90%. These initiatives are supporting the government actions in the quality control of equipments and promoting the development of national technology.
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